Battleground · PA

Is Pennsylvania a Red or Blue State?

Pennsylvania carries more electoral votes than any other battleground and is the state most often identified as the 2028 tipping point. Its closed primary rules reward candidates with deep party-infrastructure support rather than independent crossover appeal.

Electoral votes
19
R +1.7 in 2024

Red State or Blue State?

Pennsylvania is a purple state, and arguably the purest swing state in the country. It has been decided by under two points in each of the last three presidential elections, alternating between the parties, with Philadelphia and its collar counties pulling one direction and the rural interior the other.

Classification
Purple state
Electoral votes
19
2024 margin
R +1.7
Primary order
#6

Three sub-two-point presidential margins in a row

Pennsylvania 2028 Primary Outlook

A closed primary means independents are locked out, so county-party endorsements and labor backing matter disproportionately. Josh Shapiro's statewide performance makes him the organizational favorite on the Democratic side.

Democratic field

CandidateSupport
Josh Shapiro41%
Gavin Newsom15%
Gretchen Whitmer13%

Republican field

CandidateSupport
J.D. Vance32%
Ron DeSantis15%
Glenn Youngkin12%

Pennsylvania 2028 General Election Outlook

Nineteen electoral votes and the largest single prize on the battleground map. Turnout differential between Philadelphia and the western counties is the metric to watch on election night.

Recent Presidential Results

YearWinnerMargin
2024RepublicanR +1.7
2020DemocraticD +1.2
2016RepublicanR +0.7
2012DemocraticD +5.4